Automatic Pacemaker

TVI in RV configuration is the trans-valvular impedance that is derived between endocardial electrodes that are positioned in the right atrium and ventricle. RV-TVI increases in systole and decreases in diastole, as a result of the time-course of RV contraction and relaxation.



The mechanical performance of the heart is reflected in the morphology and amplitude of the TVI signal.

The optimal stimulation timing is determined by the comparison of averaged TVI waveforms recorded as a function of the VV delay.

The LV-TVI is the impedance that is derived between the right atrium and the cardiac vein, which contains the LV pacing lead. The LV-TVI decreases in systole and increases in diastole. The progression of LV relaxation is indicated by the diastolic return to baseline.



The interventricular desynchronization is indicated by the lag between the RV- and LV-TVI waveforms. The timing of stimulation should be optimized to ensure the optimal synchronization of RV- and LV-TVI signals.



device autoregulation with high flexibility in biventricular pacing

The setting of sensing and pacing parameters in three independent chambers, with the optional application of an interventricular delay and the selection of the ventricle to be stimulated first. Electrical sensing on the corresponding channel can be employed to prevent pacing in the 2nd ventricle if necessary. This enables a safe Hisian stimulation. In the event of ineffective stimulation by Hisian, the pacemaker is capable of delivering a backup stimulus to the apex of the right ventricle.input:
output:Ejection verification following ventricular pacing function with automatic adjustment of pacing energy in the event of capture lossinput:
output:Ejection verification following the ventricular sensing algorithm, which includes an automatic safety pacing mechanism in the event of external interferences.